Indirect rescue involves throwing lifebuoys, life jackets, planks, and other rescue equipment.
Direct rescue occurs when no rescue equipment is available or the drowning victim is unconscious; rescuers act directly on the victim. The following precautions should be taken when performing direct rescue:
① Before entering the water, rescuers should observe the location of the drowning victim and their buoyancy (whether they are unconscious and sinking, or struggling in the water). If the victim is in still water, rescuers can enter directly and swim towards them. If the victim is in a fast-flowing river, rescuers should run to the side and slightly in front of the victim before entering the water and swimming towards them.
② If rescuers are unfamiliar with the water conditions, they should never enter the water headfirst. It is best to enter with legs spread apart, arms extended to the sides or forward.
③ When approaching the drowning victim, use the breaststroke to observe their movements. When the victim is struggling, rescuers should not approach them head-on but from behind to avoid being grabbed and endangered. Upon approaching the drowning person, first lift them out of the water from behind, then use a sidestroke or backstroke to bring them ashore for rescue.
④ Rescuers must not only master rescue techniques but also escape techniques.
